{"id":122,"date":"2014-05-28T15:40:09","date_gmt":"2014-05-28T15:40:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/staging.asminternational.org\/edfas\/technical\/resources-links\/"},"modified":"2023-03-22T14:38:51","modified_gmt":"2023-03-22T14:38:51","slug":"resources-links","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.asminternational.org\/edfas\/technical\/resources-links\/","title":{"rendered":"Resources &amp; Links"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"122\" class=\"elementor elementor-122\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1a439a85 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1a439a85\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-50f29720\" data-id=\"50f29720\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3e56d874 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3e56d874\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div><strong>Useful URLs<\/strong><\/div><p>By Stan Silvus (<a href=\"mailto:stan.silvus@swri.org\">stan.silvus@swri.org<\/a>)<\/p><div>\u00a0<\/div><div><strong>Reference Material<\/strong><\/div><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.refdesk.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">http:\/\/www.refdesk.com<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">As its name implies, RefDesk.com is a starting-point source for a wide variety of general information. The home page has hundreds of topic-organized links to other sites that provide more detailed reference information.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.yourdictionary.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">www.yourdictionary.com<\/a><\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">Dictionaries, dictionaries, and more dictionaries &#8212; more than 400. Not only are there English dictionaries, but there are numerous foreign-language and language-to-language conversion dictionaries. In addition, there are several specialized dictionaries for such topics as business, law, medicine, and computing. There are also rhyming dictionaries and dictionaries of synonyms and acronyms. Last, but not least, there is a thesaurus.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www-mtl.mit.edu\/semisubway\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">http:\/\/mtlweb.mit.edu\/semisubway<\/a><\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">Semiconductor Subway is maintained by the MIT Microsystems Technology Laboratories in an effort to foster education and communication in microsystems and semiconductor technology. The key feature of the home page is a subway-like map on which each &#8220;stop&#8221; is a link to a semiconductor-related site. Many universities, vendors, foundries, and other information sources are included among the links. (Submitted by Dick Ross, IBM Microelectronics)<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.alcyone.com\/max\/physics\/laws\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">www.alcyone.com\/max\/physics\/laws\/index.html<\/a><\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">The Laws List contains short descriptions of numerous scientific principles, laws, rules, and effects with definitions and, sometimes, equations. Some errors have been detected, so use this site with caution; however, an e-mail to the compiler of this list pointing out the error and giving the correct information brings quick corrections.<\/span><\/p><p><a style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.eetimes.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">http:\/\/www.chipcenter.com<\/a><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">Not only does Chip Center offer an extensive on-line catalog of electronic components, it also provides technical information and links to other sources of component-related information.<\/span><\/p><p><strong><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">Simulations<\/span><\/strong><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.williamson-labs.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">www.williamson-labs.com<\/a><\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">Want to see a lot of informative and entertaining animations related to basic electrical principles? Then, try the Williamson Labs web site. While you are there, check out the information and animated illustrations relating to other physical phenomena and the links to a wide variety of interesting web sites. (Submitted by Dick Ross, IBM Microelectronics)<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/micro.magnet.fsu.edu\/primer\/techniques\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">micro.magnet.fsu.edu\/primer\/techniques\/index.html<\/a><\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">This site, hosted by Florida State University, has extensive illustrated tutorials on optical microscopy and photomicrography. Additionally, it has a neat interactive virtual microscope in which the viewer can change such parameters as focus, aperture, etc. and see the effects on screen. Finally, there is a photo gallery that includes such relevant categories as Silicon Zoo and Chip Shots. (Submitted by Chuck Hawkins, Sandia National Laboratories)<\/span><\/p><p><strong><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">Useful Tools<\/span><\/strong><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.martindalecenter.com\/Calculators.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">http:\/\/www.martindalecenter.com\/Calculators.html<\/a><\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">Martindale&#8217;s Reference Desk Calculators On-Line Center provides links to almost 10,000 on-line calculators. Applications for home, business, finance, mathematics, statistics, science, chemistry, physics, astrophysics, computers, and engineering are included. Note that this URL is case sensitive, so be sure to type the capital letters as shown.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.plymouth.ac.uk\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">www.ex.ac.uk\/cimt\/dictunit\/dictunit.htm<\/a><\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">If you are faced with converting barleycorns to perches, you need this site. In addition to providing conversion factors for many obscure units of measure, this site also addresses the more mundane unit conversions that many failure analysts frequently encounter. Included on this site are definitions of units, lists of conversion factors, and calculators that do a lot of the work for you.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.onlineconversion.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">www.onlineconversion.com<\/a><\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">In addition to converters for traditional engineering units of measure, this site offers calculators for other interesting things: e.g., converting between number-system bases, solving mathematical expressions, estimating armor penetration, working with Roman numerals, translating phrases into Pig Latin, and finding the day that you can retire. (Submitted by Carla Sly, ASM International)<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.megaconverter.com\/mega2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">www.megaconverter.com<\/a><\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">The Megaconverter web site offers conversions between units of measure. Two methods are provided for selecting the types of units to be converted: a conventional drop-down list and an unconventional dial. One of the available headings is &#8220;Zillions;&#8221; check it out!<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/integrals.wolfram.com\/index.jsp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">www.integrals.com<\/a><\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">Mathematica\u00ae provides The Integrator &#8211; type in an integrand, and receive the indefinite integral.<\/span><\/p><p><strong><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">Tutorials<\/span><\/strong><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.chembio.uoguelph.ca\/educmat\/chm729\/afm\/firstpag.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">www.chembio.uoguelph.ca\/educmat\/chm729\/afm\/firstpag.htm<\/a><\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">This URL points to an extensive tutorial on atomic-force microscopy &#8211; theory to applications. (Submitted by Chuck Hawkins, Sandia National Laboratories)<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.esda.org\/training-and-education\/esda-tutorials\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">www.esda.org\/aboutesd.html<\/a><\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">A tutorial on electrostatic discharge (ESD) theory and control is provided on the Electrostatic Discharge Society&#8217;s web site.<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.faradnet.com\/index\/toc.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">www.faradnet.com\/index\/toc.htm<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">FaradNet provides an extensive treatise on aluminum electrolytic capacitors; it also includes a long list of relevant literature references.<\/span><\/p><p><strong><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">Industry News<\/span><\/strong><\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/electroiq.com\/packaging\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">www.apmag.com<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">Advanced Packaging, a free magazine, provides current information on developments and technological advances in semiconductor and electronic packaging. (Submitted by Carla Sly, ASM International)<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.siliconvalley.com\/news\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">www.siliconvalley.com\/mld\/siliconvalley\/business\/columnists\/gmsv<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">Each morning, Good Morning Silicon Valley presents one-paragraph summaries of a dozen or so important technical news stories from the San Jose, CA, Mercury. (Submitted by Carla Sly, ASM International)<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/electroiq.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">www.solid-state.com<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">This searchable on-line version of Solid State Technology magazine is free to subscribers.<\/span><\/p><p><strong><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">Organizations<\/span><\/strong><\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/edfas.asminternational.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">www.edfas.org<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">If you are reading this, you probably already know about the Electronic Device Failure Analysis Society (EDFAS). Of course, EDFAS is THE society for failure analysts, and if you are a failure analyst and not presently a member, you should join immediately. The annual dues are reasonable, and key benefits of membership include the quarterly magazine, Electronic Device Failure Analysis, and reduced registration fees at the International Symposium of Testing and Failure Analysis (ISTFA).<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cesoc.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">www.cesoc.org<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">The Component Engineering Society of Orange County, California, provides a web site that contains numerous links to component suppliers; included in the link list are companies that design, manufacture, test, and sell electronic, mechanical, and electromechanical components. Most of the companies listed are located in Southern California. (Submitted by Rod Lord, Southwest Research Institute)<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.esda.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">www.esda.org<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">The Electrostatic Discharge Association sponsors the annual Electrical Overstress\/Electrostatic Discharge (EOS\/ESD) Symposium. Additionally, this organization offers a variety of publications and educational opportunities.<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.techonline.com\/directory\/fabless-semiconductor-association-fsa\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">www.fsa.org<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">The Fabless Semiconductor Association web site provides industry news, reports, and directories, as well as links to related web sites (e.g., funding sources, industrial associations, etc.).<\/span><\/p><p><strong><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">Conferences, Symposia, and Short Courses<\/span><\/strong><\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cti-us.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">www.cti-us.com<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">The special-emphasis Capacitor and Resistor Technology Symposium (CARTS) offers papers and associated tutorials. Information useful to component engineers and passive-component failure analysts is discussed. A European version of this symposium is also presented.<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.esda.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">www.esda.org\/symposia.html<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">The annual Electrical-Overstress\/Electrostatic-Discharge (EOS\/ESD) Symposium is usually held in the fall. Papers, tutorials, workshops, and vendor exhibits relate, appropriately, to electronic-component damage caused by electrical overstress and electrostatic discharge.<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iirw.org\/home\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">www.iirw.org\/<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">The International Integrated Reliability Workshop is held annually in the fall, usually at a resort site. Featured are discussion groups, technical presentations, and special-interest groups related to reliability in semiconductor applications.<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.irps.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">www.irps.org<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">The International Reliability Physics Symposium (IRPS) is normally held in the spring at varying locations. Technical papers deal with the physics of failure mechanisms in semiconductor devices.<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.itctestweek.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">www.itctestweek.org<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">The annual International Test Conference (ITC) is typically held in the fall with tutorials before and test workshops after the technical conference.<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/pittcon.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">www.pittcon.org<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">The Pittsburgh Conference (PITTCON) is a very large symposium related primarily to analytical chemistry. The vendor-exhibit area typically has more than 5000 booths. Usually, all of the SEM and EDX manufacturers exhibit at this spring conference.<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.semitracks.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">www.semitracks.com<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">Semitracks, Inc., provides a variety of short courses related to semiconductor device reliability and failure analysis.<\/span><\/p><p><strong><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">Companies<\/span><\/strong><\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.acoustech-inc.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">www.acoustech-inc.com<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">AcousTech, Inc. is a service laboratory offering acoustic microimaging and x-ray services. The web site contains sample images and technical resources of interest. (Submitted by Kerry Oren, AcousTech, Inc.)<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.alliedhightech.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">www.alliedhightech.com<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">Allied High Tech Products offers a variety of products and equipment for precision sample preparation. In addition to product information, this site has a knowledge-base section that includes a photo gallery and links to numerous materials-related societies and organizations (including EDFAS).<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.bridgetec.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">www.bridgetec.com<\/span><\/a><br \/>Bridge Technology represents a number of manufacturers of equipment used in failure-analysis laboratories. (Submitted by Bridge Technology)<\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.buehler.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">www.buehler.com<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">Buehler is a source of equipment and supplies for cross sectioning.<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.itemsoft.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">www.itemsoft.com<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">I<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">tem Software offers software solutions in the reliability, availability, maintainability, safety, and quality-assurance fields. Products include software for performing MIL-HDBK-217, Telcordia, and mechanical reliability predictions, failure-mode effects and criticality analysis (FMECA), fault-tree analysis, and maintainability analysis. (Submitted by Item Software)<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.leco.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">www.leco.com<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">Leco is a source of equipment and supplies for cross sectioning.<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.neocera.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">www.neocera.com<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">The Neocera site features the company&#8217;s products including a scanning SQUID (superconducting quantum interference detector) microscope that is sensitive to low-strength magnetic fields such as those surrounding current-carrying conductors on a circuit board or integrated circuit. (Submitted by Chuck Hawkins, Sandia National Laboratories)<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/orslabs.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">www.orslabs.com<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">Oneida Research Services is a research laboratory offering a variety of analytical techniques for maintaining and improving microelectronic-component quality. (Submitted by Oneida Research Services)<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.southbaytech.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">www.southbaytech.com<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">South Bay Technology is a supplier of cutting equipment and consumables for failure analysis. (Submitted by Carla Sly, ASM International)<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.swri.org\/4org\/d15\/elecsys\/compon\/eleccomp\/jump.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">www.failureanalysis.swri.org<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">Southwest Research Institute is a large, independent, not-for-profit contract research organization. Buried deep within this organization is a small group that specializes in independent failure analysis of passive electronic and electrical components, discrete semiconductor devices, and low-to-medium-density integrated circuits.<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.struers.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">www.struers.com<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">Struers is a source of equipment and supplies for cross sectioning.<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ukam.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">www.ukam.com<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">UKAM Industrial Superhard Tools manufactures precision diamond slicing, dicing, and wafering blades, core drills, and accessories. (Submitted by UKAM Industrial Superhard Tools)<\/span><\/p><p><strong><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">General Interest<\/span><\/strong><\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.zyvex.com\/nanotech\/feynman.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">www.zyvex.com\/nanotech\/feynman.html<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">A transcript of Richard Feynman&#8217;s 1959 talk entitled, &#8220;There&#8217;s Plenty of Room at the Bottom &#8211; An Invitation to Enter a New Field of Physics,&#8221; is presented on this web page. In effect, Feynman predicted some of today&#8217;s state-of-the-art achievements &#8211; high-density microprocessor integrated circuits, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), etc. Moreover, he urges engineers and scientists to keep rumaging around in the area of very small things with the goals of developing new and smaller devices and methods for manufacturing them. (Submitted by Chuck Hawkins, University of New Mexico)<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.amc.anl.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">www.amc.anl.gov<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">The Argonne National Laboratory Microscopy and Microanalysis site provides near-real-time viewing of a research microscopy laboratory. Also, images of a variety of objects may be selected for viewing. There are some on-line calculators that may be of interest to failure analysts. (Submitted by Rich Anderson and Chris Henderson, Sandia National Laboratories)<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cam.ac.uk\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">www2.eng.cam.ac.uk<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">When and by whom was the scanning-electron microscope developed? Find answers to these questions and more in the historical papers offered on this web site.<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk\/~history\/Curves\/Curves.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk:80\/~history\/Curves\/Curves.html<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">The Famous Curves site shows equations, graphs, and other properties of named mathematical curves ranging from the Astroid to the Witch of Agnesi. Effects of parameters on curve shapes may be viewed on-line.<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nts.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">www.lightningtech.com\/f_sets\/faq.html<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; line-height: 1.333333333em;\">Everything you ever wanted to know about lightning. (Submitted by Chuck Hawkins, Sandia National Laboratories)<\/span><\/p><div>\u00a0<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Useful URLs By Stan Silvus (stan.silvus@swri.org) \u00a0Reference Material http:\/\/www.refdesk.comAs its name implies, RefDesk.com is a starting-point source for a wide variety of general information. 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