{"id":3994,"date":"2017-04-24T15:36:04","date_gmt":"2017-04-24T15:36:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/staging.asminternational.org\/edfas\/results\/-\/journal_content\/56\/10192\/27327292\/NEWS\/"},"modified":"2023-02-07T04:52:53","modified_gmt":"2023-02-07T04:52:53","slug":"black-phosphorus-could-replace-silicon-in-semiconductors-to-make-smaller-devices","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.asminternational.org\/edfas\/results\/-\/journal_content\/56\/10192\/27327292\/NEWS\/","title":{"rendered":"Black phosphorus could replace silicon in semiconductors to make smaller devices"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\n\tYale University, New Haven, Conn., announces that a research team recently discovered that black phosphorus could possibly replace silicon as the primary material for electronics. With a thickness of just a few atomic layers, black phosphorus&nbsp;could usher in a new generation of smaller devices, flexible electronics, and faster transistors, say the researchers.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; font-weight: 400;\">That&#8217;s due to two key properties. One is that black&nbsp;phosphorus&nbsp;has a higher mobility than silicon\u2014that is, the speed at which it can carry an electrical charge. The other is that it has a&nbsp;<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/phys.org\/tags\/bandgap\/\" style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em;\">bandgap<\/a><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; font-weight: 400;\">, which gives a material the ability to act as a switch; it can turn on and off in the presence of an electric field and act as a semiconductor. Graphene, another material that has generated great interest in recent years, has a very high mobility, but it has no bandgap.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\n\t<span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; font-weight: 400;\">However, finding a way to control the bandgap of black phosphorus is critical to realizing its potential applications. To that end, the researchers have discovered that the material&#8217;s bandgap is most controllable at a certain thickness. By applying a vertical&nbsp;<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/phys.org\/tags\/electric+field\/\" style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em;\">electric field<\/a><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp;to the material at that thickness, the researchers can &#8220;tune&#8221; the bandgap, essentially shrinking the moderate gap to the point where it nearly closes.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\n\t<span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; font-weight: 400;\">That opens up many potential applications for black phosphorus, such as imaging tools, night vision devices, mid-infrared optical modulators, on-chip spectroscopy tools, and other optoelectronic technologies.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\n\tThe team&#8217;s research, led by Fengnian Xia, Yale&#8217;s Barton L. Weller Associate Professor in Engineering and Science, is published in the journal&nbsp;Nature Communications&nbsp;April 19.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; font-weight: 400;\">&#8220;Before this study, the bandgap of black phosphorus could not be dynamically tuned, limiting its applications in optoelectronics,&#8221; said Bingchen Deng, lead author of the study and a Ph.D. student in Xia&#8217;s lab.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\n\t<span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em; font-weight: 400;\">Finding the optimum thickness took some trial and error. &#8220;At first, we tried a 4-nm-thick sample, and we found the bandgap tuning was not very pronounced,&#8221; Prof. Deng said.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\n\tHe also noted that having a bandgap that can be controlled means that black phosphorus could potentially be used as a topological insulator, a material with the unusual ability to serve as both an insulator (inside the material) and as a conductor (on its surface). Researchers are particularly interested in topological insulators, since they could be key to developing low-power electronics in which electrons at the surface do not suffer from scattering.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<a href=\"https:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2017-04-black-phosphorus-future-electronics.html#jCp\" style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9375em;\">https:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2017-04-black-phosphorus-future-electronics.html#jCp<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Yale University, New Haven, Conn., announces that a research team recently discovered that black phosphorus could possibly replace silicon as the primary material for electronics.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":63082,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[434,450,435,436,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3994","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-electronics","category-general","category-news","category-news-articles","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.9 - 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