One Minute Mentor: Vacuum Furnaces

Driven by the development of new tool steels—which were property-wise tailor made for applications such as aluminum die casting, drilling, and tools and dies for the plastic industry—but also due to rising dimensions of the tools, the demands on vacuum-hardening technology have changed in recent decades. One of the most important considerations that must be met is the accomplishment of highest dimensional stability with optimal microstructural properties and minimal change of the surface of the workpieces. Minimizing exposure to air during the heat treatment by reducing the quantity of oxygen in a heat treatment furnace, as with creating a vacuum, is an excellent method for preventing changes in surface appearance and chemical composition.

For more information, click on the link below (subscription required). Then scroll to Figure 14. R Schneider; R. Mesquita; W Schützenhöfer, Distortion in Tool Steels, ASM International, 2014  https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.hb.v04d.a0005958

Process and parameters for laser assisted localized heat treatment in manufacturing applications

University of Azurem, Portugal, presents information and results relevant for the development of a laser heat treatment process suitable to improve manufacturing in high strength steel and high strength aluminum alloys.

The challenges with manufacturing of such materials include springback effect and localized fracture. The study details heat cycle and their effect in metallurgical state and mechanical properties. Such laser induced heat treatment process is intended to improve the forming behavior of metal parts in challenging metal forming conditions, in particular for the delay or avoidance of localized fracture. Results for strength, hardness and elongation properties are presented. It was concluded that it is possible to locally modify yield strength and hardness using process duration suitable for industrial applications. Suitable process temperature ranges and target heat cycles were identified. 

A positive effect of material softening was observed in both hardness and strength properties. However, in some cases a reduction of ductility is apparent which must be considered for targeted industrial applications. The dimension of the heat-affected zone was also considered as design variable for the industrial process development. Preliminary results were obtained in a development forming tool.

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/09544054221135684

Ipsen Launches “Ipsen Connect,” to Streamline Customers’ Operations

Ipsen, Cherry Valley, IL, announced a new digital gateway, Ipsen Connect. The customer service portal simplifies access to essential resources, including order history, service requests, and furnace documentation.

Key features of Ipsen Connect include:

  • Convenient part management: Request or reorder parts, view order history, and access furnace documentation seamlessly.
  • Streamlined service requests: Schedule maintenance, troubleshooting, or calibration appointments in just a few clicks.
  • Best practices and expert insights: Access troubleshooting guides, online training videos, and answers to frequently asked questions.
  • Real-time updates: Keep your operations informed and on track with live updates, including order status, active quotes, planned maintenance, and scheduled service appointments.

https://ipsenglobal.com/knowledge-center/ipsen-launches-a-cutting-edge-digital-platform-ipsen-connect-to-streamline-customers-operations/

Constellium Ravenswood to receive $75 million for zero carbon technology

Constellium, Ravenswood, WV, announced that it has been selected by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Clean Energy Demonstrations to begin award negotiations for up to $75 million in Bipartisan Infrastructure Law and Inflation Reduction Act funding as part of the Industrial Demonstrations Program (IDP). This investment will help fund the implementation of breakthrough low-to-no emissions technologies in Constellium’s Ravenswood facility, supporting the decarbonization of the casthouses, the plant’s most energy intensive operation.
This investment will support the installation of low-emissions SmartMelt furnaces that can operate using a range of fuels, including clean hydrogen, paving the way towards a zero carbon casthouse. In addition to reducing carbon emissions, the project is expected to help maximize recycled scrap intake, and to improve worker safety with the introduction of a hands-free casting process.
The project will also contribute to the local communities around Ravenswood with a dedicated budget to build a new training and wellness center for all employees and an onsite childcare, and to provide financial and technical resources for local schools and universities.
Constellium Ravenswood will now enter negotiations on the specific terms of the investment, including operational milestones, and timing of access to funds throughout the life of the project, estimated to be approximately five years. The final details of the project investment are subject to these negotiations.

https://www.constellium.com/news/constellium-ravenswood-selected-by-us-doe-to-receive-usd75million-investment

Sudosilo S.A. commissions new Nitrex installation

Nitrex, Quebec, is helping Sudosilo S.A., a leading commercial heat treatment service provider in South America, bring premier nitriding to the Argentine industrial sector with the recent commissioning of a turnkey installation. This newly operational nitriding system, represents a significant milestone as the first of its kind in Argentina, offering third-party heat treatment services to the region.

At the forefront of technological advancement, Sudosilo has embraced cutting-edge technologies to cater to various sectors, including aluminum injection, aluminum extrusion, forging, and oil applications. The integration of a NITREX system into its operations is set to establish a new benchmark for quality and precision in nitriding treatments.

The new Nitrex system adheres to CQI-9 guidelines for automotive heat treatment processes and NADCAP requirements for aerospace applications. This aligns Sudosilo with international standards, positioning the company to meet the exacting demands of both Argentine and South American markets for quality, innovation, and unparalleled service. 

The successful commissioning of the turnkey system, featuring a pit-type furnace model NX-1015 with Nitreg® controlled nitriding, Nitreg®-C controlled nitrocarburizing, and ONC® post-oxidation process technologies, was completed in November 2023. These advanced technologies ensure a uniform case depth and precise management of nitriding/nitrocarburizing/oxidation layer formation, optimizing the mechanical properties of tooling and dies. Nitreg® and Nitreg®-C contribute to enhancing surface hardness and fatigue resistance, while ONC® improves corrosion resistance. Notably, the system eliminates the need for post-finishing operations and boasts a substantial load capacity of 4400 lbs. (2000 kg). Marathon Systems Control, serving as a Nitrex representative for Latin America, played a pivotal role in expertly executing the system installation and finalizing the process validation.

https://www.nitrex.com/

One Minute Mentor: High performance line with hydrogen quenching

For stainless martensitic grades and carbon steel up to certain thickness, the two-stage molten metal quenching is successfully converted into hydrogen quenching with big advantages in quality, including oxide-free and lead-free surfaces. Cooling gradients of up to 300 K/s are possible. Martensitic chromium steels with 13% Cr and 0.2 to 0.4% C are used to manufacture various stainless steel components, knives, and tools, as well as parts for the cutlery industry.

 

A special application for producing high-quality heavy-duty strapping band in bainitic condition is a line with high throughput and low-energy consumption. The steel grade AISI 1536/DIN EN 36Mn5 is usually preheated to approximately 400 °C (750 °F) in a compact two–stage molten metal quench, acting as the secondary winding of the transformer fed. The strip is raised to austenitizing temperature at 900 °C (1650 °F) and then quenched in the molten lead/bismuth. The thermal energy dissipated during quenching is used to preheat the incoming strip.

 

For more information, click on the link below (subscription required). Then scroll to Figure 12. R Schneider; R. Mesquita; W Schützenhöfer, Distortion in Tool Steels, ASM International, 2014  https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.hb.v04d.a0005958

L&L special furnace company ships large box furnace for investment castings company

L&L Special Furnace Company, Aston, PA, delivered a large floor-standing box furnace to the heat-treating department of an investment castings supplier. The furnace will be used as support in the customer’s tool and die production along with tempering of finished castings.

 

The L&L model XLE3436 box furnace has an effective work zone of 34” wide by 22” high by 32” deep. It is equipped with a direct-lift vertical door with a floor switch to activate. The cantilevered vertical door eliminates the need for the upright structure to reduce the overall height of the equipment.

 

The furnace includes a program control and overtemperature protection. A four-zone SSR control with digital biasing is provided to balance temperature gradients. The XLE3436 also features a paperless chart recorder with six thermocouple inputs, a heavy-duty Inconel sheathed thermocouple, a recirculation fan, and an atmosphere-sealed case for deployment with inert atmospheres.

 

The inert blanketing gas enables the part to be heat-treated with minimal surface de-carb. A stack light indicates the furnace status via an audible and visual indicator light mounted on top of the control.

 

Additionally, the furnace is equipped with a pyrometry package that has reference control thermocouple ports along with corner locations to record the high and low points within the unit as indicated by the latest temperature uniformity survey.

 

All L&L models can be designed with various options and be specifically tailored to meet your thermal needs. The company also offers furnaces outfitted with pyrometry packages to meet ASM2750. Options include a variety of control and recorder configurations. A three-day, all-inclusive startup service is provided with each system within the continental US and Canada. International startup and training service is available by factory quote.If precise temperature control and uniformity is key to your process, then L&L is a great choice.

 www.llfurnace.com

Solar Atmospheres of Michigan achieves Nadcap accreditation for laboratory

Solar Atmospheres, Chesterfield, MI, has successfully achieved Nadcap AC7101/4 accreditation for their captive metallography laboratory. 

 

The accreditation will allow the Chesterfield plant to continue testing for microhardness, surface contamination, intergranular oxidation and grain size which were all previously completed at the Warren facility. In addition to continued testing capabilities, the addition of new metallographic preparation equipment and metallography software will expand Chesterfield’s R&D capabilities and assist in new product development.

Plant metallurgist Greg Scheuring states, “This was the next step in moving operations from Warren to Chesterfield. To limit downtime and maintain on-time delivery, we gave ourselves a week to make the move and conduct the audit. It was an extremely abbreviated time for such a task but personnel at both facilities pulled together to make it happen. Now the audit is complete with no findings, and we are back up and running. Stellar teamwork all around!”

 

https://solaratm.com/solar-atmospheres-of-michigan-achieves-nadcap-accreditation-for-laboratory/

Harper Furnace Technology enables high performance silicon anodes

Harper Furnace Technology, Buffalo, NY, announced the development of high temperature thermal process solutions to enable production at several silicon anode battery material companies in 2024. Silicon anode material offers significantly higher specific capacity than traditional graphite anode materials enabling higher power density, faster charge times and smaller carbon footprint than current batteries. 

 

Harper has entered engineering design and equipment supply contracts for pilot and production scale equipment with its USA-based customers, many of whom are funded in part by grants from the U.S. Department of Energy. The Harper technology includes indirect electrically heated, continuous rotary, vertical and horizontal conveyor furnace systems for each customer’s unique thermochemical processes. The Harper furnaces include tight control of the process atmosphere enabling safe and reliable continuous operation, are rated for temperatures between 800˚C and 1,800˚C and will have capacity up to 1,000 metric tons per year. Beyond the pilot-scale equipment projects, Harper is actively engineering the next generation of equipment solutions for these customers whose commercial scale plants will require capacity of 20,000 – 40,000 metric tons per year for the electric vehicle (EV) market.

 

https://www.harperintl.com/app/uploads/2024/02/Silicon-Anodes-Press-Release-February-2024.pdf

One Minute Mentor: High-Performance Line

The continuous heat treatment of tool steel is applied to low- or medium-alloyed carbon steel strips as well as martensitic stainless steels. The described lines produce high-quality strip with respect to uniform structure, flatness, and bright surface finish. High quenching rates are necessary, especially for plain carbon steels. Cooling gradients of up to 600 K/s are possible in a molten lead-bismuth quench. Because two-stage quenching technology provides considerable advantages over quenching in oil, this method has been adopted worldwide. It is also possible to achieve isothermal transformation to bainite and pearlite using a molten metal quench, so this type of hardening and tempering line is extremely versatile.

The configuration of a high-performance line involves an entry and exit section of the strip handling equipment. The hardening section consists of the austenitizing furnace, the molten metal quench or hydrogen quench, and a martensite cooler.

For more information, click on the link below (subscription required). Then scroll to Figure 10. R Schneider; R. Mesquita; W Schützenhöfer, Distortion in Tool Steels, ASM International, 2014 

Read further here.