The nitriding potential controls the amount of nitrogen in the metal. The graph shows the atomic concentration of nitrogen as a function of nitriding potential (Kn) and depth.
Continue readingOne Minute Mentor: Reactor for Gas Nitriding
This diagram shows the major parts of a gas nitriding reactor.
Continue readingOne Minute Mentor: Removing the Passive Layer in Low-Temperature Gas Nitriding
The recent advent of low-temperature gas nitriding (for the production of the S-phase in stainless steel) as opposed to regular high-temperature (above 550 °C) gas nitriding (of regular steel) had to find a way to remove the passive layer in this low-temperature condition.
Continue readingOne Minute Mentor: Plasma-Immersion Ion Implantation
The fundamental difference between plasma nitriding (glow discharge) and plasma-immersion ion implantation (PIII) is that the latter relies on high-energy pulses (up to 45 kV) that promote a low-energy ion implantation in the target, but that is still less than the energy used in conventional ion implantation (>100 kV). A combination of target temperature and pulse voltage achieve the desired implantation profile.
Continue readingOne Minute Mentor: Radio-Frequency Plasma
Glow-discharge plasma nitriding is carried out in nitrogen-hydrogen atmospheres at pressures in the range of 100 to 1000. At pressures below 10 Pa, the glow-discharge technique is not used, but plasma can still be generated by radio-frequency (RF) excitation, microwave energy, or electrons produced by a heated filament.
Continue readingOne Minute Mentor: Active Screen Plasma Nitriding
Recently, a process called active screen plasma (ASP) has been developed for the purpose of minimizing or avoiding some of the limitations of conventional plasma nitriding.
Continue readingOne Minute Mentor: Plasma Nitriding
Plasma nitriding is a surface-hardening process in which glow-discharge technology introduces nascent (atomic) nitrogen into the surface of a metal part for subsequent inward diffusion
Continue readingOne Minute Mentor: Distortion in Plasma-Carburized Stainless Steel
The graph shows the XRD patterns of low-temperature plasma-nitrided (PN), plasma-carburized (PC), and untreated AISI 316 stainless steel samples.
Continue readingOne Minute Mentor: The S-Phase
The success of plasma and gas nitriding at low temperatures (lower than 840°F) and solution nitriding at high temperatures is associated with the absence of chromium nitride or carbide precipitation, and thus with the formation in the surface layer of a particular phase called the S-phase.
Continue readingOne Minute Mentor: Hardness Gradients in Nitrided High-Speed Tool Steel
The graph shows the effect of bath conditions and immersion time on hardness gradients in Type T1 high-speed tool steel.
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