Bodycote sponsors Periodic Table of Fictional Metals
June 8, 2016
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Bodycote, Macclesfield, England, has produced the Periodic Table of Fictional Metals, elements that have appeared in classical myths, books, films, comic books, and computer games for many years, as creative people invented metals with mythical or magical qualities.
Bodycote has a long history of working with real metals to increase their performance and meet customer requirements. Sometimes, though, in the myriad worlds of fiction, real metals just don't do what the author needs.
Popular culture has given us an extensive list of metals and alloys with fantastical qualities. In addition to Marvel Comics, whose ‘vibranium' and ‘adamantium' are probably some of the best known due to recent cinematic releases, fictional metals have appeared in popular science fiction movies such Star Trek, Star Wars, and Doctor Who; TV shows such as Game of Thrones and the X Files; literature such as The Lord of The Rings; and video games such as the popular Minecraft franchise.
For example, the Bodycote table reveals that Greek mythology introduced adamantine (Adt), a strong hard metal that made a "sickle or sword used by the hero Perseus to decapitate the Gorgon Medusa while she slept."
Rearden Metal (Rem) was invented by Hank Rearden, the protagonist in Atlas Shrugged. "This greenish-blue metal is lighter and stronger than steel. The first product made from the metal was a bracelet, then railway tracks for the Rio Norte Line."
Explore all these fascinating materials and many more in the interactive Periodic Table of Fictional Metals.
http://www.bodycote.com/fictional-metals
Bodycote, Macclesfield, England, has produced the Periodic Table of Fictional Metals, elements that have appeared in classical myths, books, films, comic books, and computer games for many years, as creative people invented metals with mythical or magical qualities.
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Nitrex announces Nitriding Symposium for November
June 7, 2016
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Nitrex Metal Inc., Quebec, Canada, announces its fourth Nitriding Symposium, dedicated exclusively to controlled nitriding and nitrocarburizing presentations by academic researchers and industry professionals. Held at the MGM Grand hotel n Las Vegas, November 17-18, the symposium is sponsored by United Process Controls, West Chester, Ohio.
The Nitriding Symposium is a triennial event for metallurgists, engineers, plant supervisors, and manufacturing managers who deal with nitriding/nitrocarburizing in their manufacturing environment. It provides a bridge between academics, researchers, and the industry.
We invite key academics, providers, and end-users of nitriding and nitrocarburizing from all over the world to present new developments and different technologies that are available, or that are being explored, along with the topics below:
• Nitriding/Nitrocarburizing technologies & new advances
• Applications & case studies
• Nitriding stainless steels
• Wear, fatigue and corrosion resistance
• Distortion control
• Equipment developments
• Process controls
• Atmosphere sensors
• Plant integration and automation
• Simulation software
The call for abstract is now open, and will be until August 26. Participants are invited to submit an abstract online at http://www.nitriding.info/register-now/speaker/.
More event details are available at www.nitriding.info.
Nitrex Metal Inc., Quebec, Canada, announces its fourth Nitriding Symposium, dedicated exclusively to controlled nitriding and nitrocarburizing presentations by academic researchers and industry professionals.
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Al-Ce-Mg alloys enable easier casting, higher temperatures for engine parts
Source: ASM International
Researchers from Oak Ridge National Laboratory and partners Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and Eck Industries announce that they have developed aluminum-cerium alloys that are lower in cost, easier to cast, and more resistant to high temperatures than existing products.
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Particle Trajectories in Plasma Spray
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The diagram illustrates the various trajectories that particle distributions may follow. Each trajectory shown represents extremes in particle heating, and this affects the average condition of the particles on impact (liquid, solid + liquid).
A fortunate law of nature is that the smaller-diameter particles do not have enough momentum to penetrate the hottest portion of the jet core. Therefore, smaller particles are not heated as long as the larger ones; larger particles, with their higher momentum, penetrate to the jet core.
High carrier gas flows (velocity) may force larger particles to follow a trajectory that passes through the jet to the opposite side of the plasma. This would result in decreased heating and possibly cause a buildup of powder on the nozzle bore.
Volume 5A, Thermal Spray Technology ⇒ Thermal Spray Processes and Coatings ⇒ Thermal Spray Processes ⇒ Thermal Spray Processes
The diagram illustrates the various trajectories that particle distributions may follow. Each trajectory shown represents extremes in particle heating, and this affects the average condition of the particles on impact (liquid, solid + liquid).
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ASB Industries celebrates 70 years with Cold Spray reference book
June 6, 2016
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ASB Industries Inc., Barberton, Ohio, is celebrating 70 years in business by producing High Pressure Cold Spray: Principles and Applications, a practical and useful, comprehensive and technically advanced in-depth look at the high-pressure cold spray process. ASB Industries Vice President of Marketing and Sales Charles Kay and Metallurgist and Director of R&D Dr. Jegan Karthikeyan co-edited the book, which will be published by ASM International.
The book is written for a wide audience across the whole spectrum of cold spray technology users, from scientists and engineers to those who utilize cold-spray-coated parts, components, and equipment in their daily operations. It was authored by a group of cold spray experts from around the world, including Mr. Kay and Dr. Karthikeyan.
High Pressure Cold Spray addresses the growing need for an authoritative source of information on this relatively new and rapidly-advancing technology, which is a growing subject of interest and study at universities, research centers, and in many high tech industries across the globe. The tome offers information on the foundational elements of the cold spray process and the technology involved, as well as an in-depth look at the many applications for cold spray coatings in various industries, with illustrative case studies by those actively involved in the cold spray field.
For seven decades, ASB Industries has been dedicated to the advancement of surfacing technology. The company has developed a number of proprietary coating materials and unique coating processes that are customizable to the challenge at hand, be it improving the wear or corrosion resistance of metal parts, returning damaged or worn components to their original dimensions, or reducing friction between parts for better overall equipment performance.
www.asbindustries.com
ASB Industries Inc., Barberton, Ohio, is celebrating 70 years in business by producing High Pressure Cold Spray: Principles and Applications, a practical and useful, comprehensive and technically advanced in-depth look at the high-pressure cold spray process.
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Electroplating can eliminate gold waste in electronic devices
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ClassOne Technology, Kalispell, Montana, announces that its Solstice gold plating systems can save money for makers of electronic devices by eliminating gold waste, reducing the amount of gold needed, and simplifying the gold plating process.
"One fundamental advantage of Solstice electroplating is its elimination of gold waste," explained Kevin Witt, President of ClassOne Technology. "Previously used CVD and PVD methods deposited gold not just on the wafer, but also on the entire chamber interior. That 'oversprayed' gold was difficult to remove and inefficient to reclaim — which led to a considerable net loss of gold. By contrast, Solstice deposits only on the wafer, so there's no gold waste, and no need for cleaning or gold reclamation efforts."
Solstice economies also come from its higher gold deposition speed. Plating at 150 to 300nm/min, it is roughly ten times faster than CVD and PVD methods. In addition, Solstice starts processing immediately, because it does not require an hour or more for pump-down as vacuum-based tools do. All of this translates to additional savings from higher throughput and more cost-efficient production.
The unique eight-chamber design of the Solstice S8 enables it to readily replace a solid gold layer with a multi-metal stack — and reduce gold usage very substantially. For example, a feature that previously required a five-micron layer of solid gold can now be replaced with a "sandwich" of 0.25µm gold, 1µm nickel, 2.5µm copper, another 1µm nickel, topped with 0.25µm gold — to achieve equivalent functionality while reducing gold usage by a factor of ten. And Solstice's multi-chamber design enables it to deposit all five layers in a single cycle, meaning that no additional process steps or time are required to gain very significant cost savings.
www.classone.com
ClassOne Technology, Kalispell, Montana, announces that its Solstice gold plating systems can save money for makers of electronic devices by eliminating gold waste, reducing the amount of gold needed, and simplifying the gold plating process.
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Long-life flexible printed electronics encapsulated with Picosun ALD
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Picosun Oy, Finland, brings to the printed electronics market atomic layer deposition equipment specifically designed for large-area flexible electronics encapsulation. Organic electronics has the potential to enable a whole new generation of products, but one of its main drawbacks is sensitivity to moisture and airborne impurities. Ultraâ€thin ALD nanolaminates are flexible, invisible, and practically weightless. ALD films form dense and pinholeâ€free encapsulation, down to the smallest nanoscale details.
In Picosun's new large area ALD tools, especially developed for the needs of the printed electronics industries, high quality ALD films can be manufactured cost-efficiently on large plastic sheets and at temperatures low enough for sensitive organic materials.
The company has put its extensive expertise in ALD system design to work to develop completely novel technology for the vast market of printed electronics. The new, large-area batch ALD systems have been developed and optimized in collaboration with these industries. Their disruptive design enables costâ€efficient encapsulation of large sheets of organic electronic components, producing sustainable, longâ€lived end products for consumers as well as industries.
www.picosun.com
Picosun Oy, Finland, brings to the printed electronics market ALD equipment specifically designed for large-area flexible electronics encapsulation.
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Nanolaminated MoAlB coating resists corrosion at high temperatures
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Drexel University, Philadelphia, announces that a research team from Drexel, Linkoping University in Sweden, and Imperial College London, has produced a nanolaminated molybdenum-aluminum-boride coating that resists corrosion at high temperatures. To make the MoAlB coating, Prof. Michel Barsoum and his team combined a molybdenum-boron lattice with a double layer of aluminum to produce a material that is durable enough to resist oxidation at extremely high temperatures. The key to this performance is the material's nanolaminated structure, which consists of alternating layers of molybdenum boride and aluminum.
Using techniques gleaned from MAX Phase and MXene fabrication techniques developed by Prof. Barsoum, the research group developed a method for making corrosion-resistant layered boride. Upon testing, the group also found that the material retains its high conductivity to elevated temperatures. Its melting point has yet to be determined, but preliminary results have shown it to be greater than 2550°F. Prof. Barsoum speculates that because of these promising results, his team's work has now laid the foundation for the development of ultrahigh melting point borides that are also oxidation resistant.
According to Prof. Barsoum, "Resistance to oxidation is possible because of the presence of aluminum in layers between molybdenum and boron layers. When heated to high temperatures in air, the aluminum atoms selectively diffuse to the surface and react with oxygen — forming a surface aluminum oxide protective layer that slows down further oxidation considerably."
www.drexel.edu
Drexel University, Philadelphia, announces that a research team from Drexel, Linkoping University in Sweden, and Imperial College London, has produced a nanolaminated molybdenum-aluminum-boride coating that resists corrosion at high temperatures.
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The world loses Karl A. Gschneidner
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Ames Laboratory Senior metallurgist Karl A. Gschneidner Jr., known around the world as Mr. Rare Earth, passed away April 27 at the age of 85. A Fellow of ASM International, Dr. Gschneidner began work on his Ph.D. at Iowa State University in 1955 and hired on as an Ames Laboratory graduate researcher in metallurgy. After receiving his doctorate from Iowa State in 1957, Dr. Gschneidner took a job in the Chemistry and Metallurgy Division of Los Alamos National Laboratory, and was promoted to section leader in 1961.
An opening at Iowa State and Ames Laboratory gave him the chance to return to Ames in 1963. He formally retired from the Laboratory in January after a distinguished 60-year career that was dedicated to the study of rare-earth metals.
He was a Distinguished Professor of Materials Science and Engineering at Iowa State University, a Senior Metallurgist at the Ames Laboratory, and the Chief Scientist of the Critical Materials Institute. He was a member of the National Academy of Engineering and earned a lengthy list of awards for his research.
A prolific writer, he published more than 544 articles in scientific journals and more than 170 chapters in books and conference proceedings. As testament of the quality of his research, his published works have been cited an astonishing 19,013 times – an average of 328 citations per year over his career.
"Our work on the giant magnetocaloric effect of gadolinium-silicon-germanium has been cited more than 2100 times," Prof. Gschneidner said at the time of his retirement, "so you could say we really hit the jackpot with that one. Finding something new or unexpected is what makes it worthwhile," he added. "It's kind of like hitting a great drive in golf; it keeps you coming back."
"Karl has been an inspiration and a mentor to so many of us at Ames Laboratory and around the world," said Ames Laboratory Director Adam Schwartz. "As a researcher, I read many of Karl's papers as they related to my own work, and when the Critical Materials Energy Innovation Team first came together during the proposal process, I had my first opportunity to work directly with him. His incredible knowledge of rare earth science was astonishing, but what is more remarkable was his willingness to help everyone around him do their best. We will miss Karl."
It was his renown as "Mr. Rare Earth" that led to the establishment of the Critical Materials Institute, a U.S. Department of Energy Innovation Hub located at the Ames Laboratory. He testified before a Congressional committee about the need for such a research center and later served as the first chief scientist for CMI.
This information is from the www.ameslab.gov website.
Ames Laboratory Senior metallurgist Karl A. Gschneidner Jr., known around the world as Mr. Rare Earth, passed away April 27 at the age of 85.
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One Minute Mentor: Alpha-Prime Inhibits Toughness in Ferritic Stainless Steels
June 3, 2016
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The graph shows how alpha-prime formation reduces toughness in ferritic stainless steels. The worst toughness-inhibiting effects come from interstitial elements in grain boundaries: oxygen, carbon, and nitrogen. Stabilizing removes the interstitial carbon and nitrogen, along with oxygen and sulfur, from solution. This does not produce a major softening, however, because the precipitate itself has a hardening effect.
Because stabilized alloys are ferritic at all temperatures, there is no automatic grain-refining transformation as exists in carbon steel. If grains grow large from annealing at high temperatures or welding, then the transition temperature increases. Section size also has an effect. Stabilized ferritic stainless steels are seldom used in thicknesses of over several millimeters because of decreasing toughness.
Volume 4D, Heat Treating of Irons and Steels ⇒ Heat Treated High-Alloy Steels ⇒ Heat Treating of Ferritic Stainless Steels ⇒ Properties
The graph shows how alpha-prime formation reduces toughness in ferritic stainless steels.
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