Observing gold’s atomic structure change at extreme pressures

Researchers at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) and their collaborators conducted experiments with gold to learn more about the unexpected structures and properties it would adopt under high pressure. The results, which show gold switching structure at 10 million times the Earth’s atmospheric pressure, are essential for planetary modeling and fusion science.

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Diamond exhibits surprising nanoscopic heat traps

New research shows that diamond—although known for being the best natural heat conductor on Earth—at the atomic scale it can briefly trap heat in unexpected ways. The findings could influence how scientists design diamond-based quantum technologies, including ultra-precise sensors and future quantum computers.

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High-precision analysis of 2D materials microstructures achieved using electron microscopy and machine learning

A research team led by National Institute for Materials Science, Japan, has, for the first time, produced nanoscale images of two key features in an ultra-thin material: twist domains (areas where one atomic layer is slightly rotated relative to another) and polarities (differences in atomic orientation) by combining scanning transmission electron microscopy with artificial intelligence.

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AI-generated nanomaterial images fool experts in new study

Microscopy images are indispensable in nanomaterials science. Yet scientists now fear that generative AI is diluting the significance of these images by polluting the pool with fake, AI-generated photos that are indistinguishable from the real ones. Even seasoned researchers find it increasingly difficult to distinguish between real microscopy images of nanomaterials and those created by AI as shown in a new study.

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Electron microscopy reveals new process for developing exotic metal alloys

Researchers from the Department of Energy’s Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) have discovered a new way to produce high-entropy alloys (HEAs), at near-room temperatures. Their technique gives users much more control of the alloy’s crystal structure and overall morphology compared with existing methods, opening the door for a new paradigm of custom-made HEAs.

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MoonRanger’s instruments to gather data during 2029 lunar mission

NASA has tapped a lunar rover built at Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, to advance our understanding of water on the moon as it autonomously explores near the lunar south pole. MoonRanger will be among the payloads aboard a 2029 mission to the moon. The rover will carry a neutron spectrometer to study the lunar soil for traces of hydrogen, a good indicator of the presence of water, and demonstrate new levels of autonomous navigation on the moon.

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Quantum atomic motion on metals leads to insights

Researchers at the Max Planck Society, Munich, have been exploring how atoms and molecules diffuse and react on metallic surfaces in a variety of technological applications related to chemical energy generation and storage. Their ability to simulate and predict this motion is crucial to understanding material degradation, chemical selectivity, and to optimizing the conditions of catalytic reactions.

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Symphony of Elements Exhibition at Sloss Furnaces Offers Metallography Education and Engagement

Against the backdrop of towering smokestacks and steel-laden history, the Sloss Furnaces National Historic Landmark, Birmingham, Ala., became a portal into the inner workings of modern metallurgy with the opening of the Symphony of Elements: Art and Science of Metals exhibition on May 23. This innovative showcase, running through August 2025, offers a rare and compelling fusion of technical achievements, advanced materials science, and visual art.

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Simulations reveal how grains in metals and ceramics grow

An international team of scientists headed by Prof. Marco Salvalaglio from TUD–Dresden University of Technology in Germany discovered that internal stresses—not just interface energy—play a key role in shaping the microstructure of crystalline materials. These findings challenge classical theories and may improve how we design materials for engineering and technology.

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Scientists discover an unusual chiral quantum state in a topological material

Chirality, or “handedness,” is a fundamental property where an object differs from its mirror image, seen across nature from molecules to DNA. In a breakthrough, Princeton University researchers have discovered a hidden chiral quantum state in a material previously believed to be non-chiral. This finding not only challenges existing assumptions in physics but also deepens our understanding of quantum phenomena, potentially opening new avenues in quantum research.

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